Dimensions of measurement

The Index measures the current state of gender equality at work in Australia and tracks changes over time.

It assesses the gender gap across seven key dimensions of workplace gender equality, using at least two measures for each dimension. These dimensions are informed by academic evidence on the drivers of labour market outcomes for Australian women and men.

DimensionMeasure
Are men and women equal in ..?
ParticipationLabour force participation
Employment underutilisation
PayHourly earnings
Weekly earnings
HoursWorking hours
Domestic work hours
Parental leave
StratificationRepresentation in lower paid jobs
Employment in senior and executive roles
Working in jobs below skill level
SegmentationEmployment across industries
Employment across occupations
SecurityCasual employment
Income stability
SafetySexual harassment at work
Workplace injury


Each measure is calculated by comparing the outcomes of women and men and is expressed as either a parity ratio or a dissimilarity measure that show how close women and men are to being equal.

The Index and each dimension is expressed as a value between 0 and 100 where 100 indicates equality between women and men. The lower the score, the further Australia is from gender equality at work.

The Index is constructed using measures derived from large-scale, publicly available and nationally representative data that are collected regularly. Data used in the Index is from 2014–2024.
The Index provides governments, businesses, unions and the community with a reliable annual measure of how Australia is progressing on gender equality at work, and change over time. It serves as a diagnostic tool to identify areas where gender equality is stalled and highlights where additional action and investment could drive improvements.